The district of Belmonte Piceno has its urban centre in a panoramic position between the valleys of the Tenna and Ete Vivo rivers. The adjective “Piceno”, which became part of its name on 21 February 1863, serves to remind us of the first inhabitants of the territory, the Piceni, and to distinguish the town from others with the name “Belmonte”.In prehistoric times, the area represented a highly important Piceni settlement, and itwas noted for its raw amber, terracotta and porcelain products.During archeological digs, about 300 Piceni tombs were discovered, and many objects were found which were then taken to the rooms of the National Museum of Ancona. Some objects remain in a local museum.The Romans also established a colony, of which remain traces of walls, known as Morrecini, and an inscription in the Church of Santa Maria in Muris, or St. Simone. The village was reborn around the ninth century, after the fall of the Roman Empire, due to the arrival of monks coming from Farfa, and various families coming from Belmonte in Sabina. The Church of Santa Maria in Muris, an example of ancient Romanesque art, was thus rebuilt. The monks needed people whom they could trust to do administration and maintenance work for the new areas and create the approaching roads. In this way, the community of Belmonte Piceno was born; houses created a new urban nucleus on the hills near the SS. Salvatore road.In 1263, the Fermano people took over the administration of the castle. The old centre gradually spread around the castle area. The internationally renowned physiologist and man of culture Silvestro Baglioni (1876-1957) was born in Belmonte Piceno.